Parenting
is the process of raising and educating a child from
birth until adulthood. This is usually done in a child's
family by the mother and father (i.e., the biological
parents). Where parents are unable or unwilling to
provide this care, it is usually taken on by close
relatives (including older siblings) and grandparents,
adoptive parents, foster parents, godparents, or institutions
(such as group homes or orphanages). Parens patriae
refers to the public policy power of the state to
usurp the rights of the natural parent, legal guardian
or informal carer, and to act as the parent of any
child or individual who is in need of protection.
Parenting may involve praise, but it also involves
punishment. Some parents no longer consider spanking
a necessary punishment.
The term "child training" implies a specific
type of parenting that focuses on holistic understanding
of the child. The "Taking Children Seriously"
philosophy sees both praise and punishment as manipulative
and harmful to the child and seeks other way to reach
agreement with them. The term "attachment parenting"
seeks to create strong emotional bonds and avoid physical
punishment, with discipline being accommodated by
interactions with a child's emotional needs. |
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